| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:.c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"hunger | face="Times New Roman Star"ãîëîä | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"az?| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"az?| | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c?, o|:c?u- | face="Times New Roman Star"vyz/ú | face="Times New Roman Star"a:s | face="Times New Roman Star"ac?-c?yk 'hungry' | face="Times New Roman Star"as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? | face="Times New Roman Star"as | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"a:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"as? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ac? | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17, VEWT 3, ÝÑÒß 1, 208-209, Stachowski 28. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"name | face="Times New Roman Star"èìÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"at (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"at (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"ad | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|t, dial. (Namangan) a"t | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"ad | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"jat | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at, (ady) | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"ad | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"a:t | face="Times New Roman Star"at | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 30-1, EDT 32-3, ÝÑÒß 1, 198-199, Åãîðîâ 355, Stachowski 41-42. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*a.t- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to throw, shoot | face="Times New Roman Star"áðîñàòü, ñòðåëÿòü | face="Times New Roman Star"at- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"at- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- (Abush., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"o|t- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"hat- | face="Times New Roman Star"yvút-, dial. ut- | face="Times New Roman Star"yt- | face="Times New Roman Star"yt- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"at- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"at- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 36, VEWT 31, ÝÑÒß 1, 199-200, 203, 204, Åãîðîâ 342, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 469, Stachowski 262. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bar- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to walk, go (away) 2 to come, reach | face="Times New Roman Star"1 õîäèòü, èäòè 2 ïðèõîäèòü, äîñòèãàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"var- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo|r- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba(r)- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"par- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"var- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"par- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"par- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"var- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"pyr- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"var- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"var-, ba:r-, pa:r- 1 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"bar- 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 62, ÝÑÒß 2, 64-65, EDT 354, Stachowski 52. Chuv. -y- is unclear. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ba:r | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 there is, there are 2 existence, goods 3 all | face="Times New Roman Star"1 åñòü, èìååòñÿ 2 âåñü, âñå | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2 (Orkh., Yen., OUygh.), barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, barc?a 3 (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"var 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3, barc?a 3, barsy 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3, barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bo|r 1, 2, bo|ric?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba(r) 1, 2, 3, baric?a" 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"par 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"var 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r 1, 3; barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"par 1, 2, parc?an 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"va:r 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"por 1, 'any', 3, 'rich', por@s? 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r 1, 2, bar(y) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r 1, 2, bar(y) 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, bary 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 'rich', barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 'rich', bary 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 'rich', bary 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"var 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, 3, barca, barc?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 2, bars?a 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba:r, par, va:r 1, bar, par 'rich' (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"bar 1, 3, 'rich', bary 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 62, EDT 353, 356-7, ÝÑÒß 2, 61-63, Ëåêñèêà 326-327, 332-333, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 444-445, Stachowski 52, 53, 56. Syntactically it is an abstract noun frequently acting as a predicate. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*be.n/r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 swelling 2 scar, ulcer | face="Times New Roman Star"1 æåëåçà 2 øðàì, ÿçâà |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bez (MK, IM) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bez 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"biz 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bez (Sangl.), mez (Sangl.) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bez 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ba"z |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ba"z, va"z | face="Times New Roman Star"ma":z 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pu"r 'pus' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bes 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bes 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bez 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bez 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bez | face="Times New Roman Star"bid| | face="Times New Roman Star"bez 1, 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bez 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bez 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 72, EDT 388, Åãîðîâ 142, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 384, ÝÑÒß 7. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bEje | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"(foaled) mare | face="Times New Roman Star"êîáûëà | face="Times New Roman Star"be (OUygh. - YB) | face="Times New Roman Star"be (MK, IM) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bije| | face="Times New Roman Star"beje (Sangl.); bej (CCum.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bija" | face="Times New Roman Star"bija" (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"pie, pi |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pi: |
| face="Times New Roman Star"be: |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bia" |
| face="Times New Roman Star"be |
| face="Times New Roman Star"be: | face="Times New Roman Star"bije | face="Times New Roman Star"bije | face="Times New Roman Star"beja" |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bije | face="Times New Roman Star"bije |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 291, VEWT 75, ÝÑÒß 2, 133, Ëåêñèêà 443. Forms as bije < *be.je, show a secondary vowel narrowing in front of -j-; the Kirgh., Oyr. and Tuva-Tof. forms point to *E. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"interrogative particle | face="Times New Roman Star"âîïðîñèòåëüíàÿ ÷àñòèöà | face="Times New Roman Star"-mu | face="Times New Roman Star"-mu | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-mu | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-mu |
| face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-ma/-me | face="Times New Roman Star"-ma/me | face="Times New Roman Star"-ba/be | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-im |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"-be |
| face="Times New Roman Star"-by | face="Times New Roman Star"-ma/me | face="Times New Roman Star"-ma/me | face="Times New Roman Star"-my | face="Times New Roman Star"-mu/my | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-mo | face="Times New Roman Star"-ma/me | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"-mi | face="Times New Roman Star"Ìîðôîëîãèÿ 2. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bile (bula) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"with, together, also | face="Times New Roman Star"âìåñòå ñ, ñ, òàêæå | face="Times New Roman Star"bile, bilen (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bile (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"bile 'even' | face="Times New Roman Star"bele|n | face="Times New Roman Star"bile (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bilan | face="Times New Roman Star"bila"n | face="Times New Roman Star"bile(n) | face="Times New Roman Star"bila" (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bile, bilen | face="Times New Roman Star"mynan| | face="Times New Roman Star"mine 'here, now' | face="Times New Roman Star"byla (dial., Áàñê. Òóáà) | face="Times New Roman Star"bila" | face="Times New Roman Star"-bala(n) | face="Times New Roman Star"-ynan (?) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bile |
| face="Times New Roman Star"minen | face="Times New Roman Star"-ben | face="Times New Roman Star"-ben | face="Times New Roman Star"-benen | face="Times New Roman Star"bla | face="Times New Roman Star"-jlan | face="Times New Roman Star"byla | face="Times New Roman Star"benen | face="Times New Roman Star"bile | face="Times New Roman Star"bulan | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 364-365, ÝÑÒß 2, 140-142. Phonetic variants are explained by the transformation of the root into a postposition and, further, into a case ending. The form bile is attested quite early and therefore can be hardly treated as an assimilation < bir-le (derived from bir '1', cf. bir-ge, bir-c?e with a similar meaning). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bin/r/ (*bin|r/) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"awl | face="Times New Roman Star"øèëî |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"bez | face="Times New Roman Star"biz (MA), bigiz (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"pyz-, puz- | face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"bijz/bi:z | face="Times New Roman Star"p@s | face="Times New Roman Star"pis | face="Times New Roman Star"mis |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bis | face="Times New Roman Star"bis | face="Times New Roman Star"miz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz, dial. bigiz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"bed| | face="Times New Roman Star"miz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"biz |
| face="Times New Roman Star"biz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 75, ÝÑÒß 2, 130-131, TMN 2, 311. The Chag. form bigiz is quite strange: perhaps it is a result of denasalization of *bin|iz < *bin|r/ (this would then suggest a velar nasal in the root). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu(-n) | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"this | face="Times New Roman Star"ýòîò | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, bun- (Orkh.), bu, mun- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mun- (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"pu | face="Times New Roman Star"pu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bo |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu (mun-) | face="Times New Roman Star"bo | face="Times New Roman Star"bo | face="Times New Roman Star"bu(l) | face="Times New Roman Star"bu-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"by-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, mu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu-l | face="Times New Roman Star"bu, vu | face="Times New Roman Star"bu | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 85, EDT 291-292, ÝÑÒß 2, 225-228, Stachowski 63. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bur/- / *bor/- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to damage, destroy | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðè÷èíÿòü âðåä, ðàçðóøàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"puz- | face="Times New Roman Star"poz- | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"pus- | face="Times New Roman Star"puza- | face="Times New Roman Star"bus- | face="Times New Roman Star"puz- ( < Ogh.?) | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bus- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"bod|- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"boz- | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- (T,H,K) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz- | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 389, VEWT 91, TMN 2, 337, Ôåäîòîâ 1 404, Åãîðîâ 150, ÝÑÒß 7. -s- in Chuv. may be explained either as a loan from Kypch. or as a reflex of the old cluster -r/s- (Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 98). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bus | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"steam, fog | face="Times New Roman Star"ïàð, òóìàí |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bus (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"pus |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bus (Ettuhf., CCum.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bus (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pus |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"púw|s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bus | face="Times New Roman Star"bus |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pus | face="Times New Roman Star"bot| |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pus | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 370, ÝÑÒß 2, 277, Ëåêñèêà 34. Turk. > Russ. dial. bus 'drizzle, flour dust', see Àíèêèí 146. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:t | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 thigh 2 leg, foot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäðî 2 íîãà | face="Times New Roman Star"but (OUygh.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but (Abush., Sangl.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 'groin' | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bud 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:t 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"bot 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"but 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"put 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"but 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 90, EDT 297, ÝÑÒß 2, 280-281, Ëåêñèêà 282, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*da:g | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"mountain | face="Times New Roman Star"ãîðà | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (MA), tag|, t.ag| (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"to|g| | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"da:G | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"tag| (Âåðá.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu: | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:g| | face="Times New Roman Star"tu | face="Times New Roman Star"tya 'taiga, wood' | face="Times New Roman Star"tya 'land, tundra' | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|, tag| | face="Times New Roman Star"to: | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"tau | face="Times New Roman Star"tau | face="Times New Roman Star"da: | face="Times New Roman Star"dag| | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"da:g| | face="Times New Roman Star"taw | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 454, TMN 2, 439-440, EDT 463, ÝÑÒß 3, 117-118, Ëåêñèêà 94, 111, Stachowski 236. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dAr/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"vulture | face="Times New Roman Star"ñòåðâÿòíèê |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tasqara (dial., Malov - Xami) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dazzarkel | face="Times New Roman Star"tasxa 'owl' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tas qus? (Âåðá.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"das |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tazqara | face="Times New Roman Star"tasqara |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tad|g|ara |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"Turk. > Kalm. tas (KW 381-382). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*d(i)aky | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 additionally, and others, plus 2 again, once more | face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðîìå òîãî, ê òîìó æå, è äðóãèå, áîëüøå, âäîáàâîê 2 îïÿòü, åùå ðàç | face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1, 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"daha 1, bir daha 2 (taky as a clitic) | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|yn 2, 'in order to' | face="Times New Roman Star"daxy, taqy 1 (Abush., Sangl.), dag|y (MA) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|in 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"texi 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta'qi, dag|i 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"da"xi 'too' | face="Times New Roman Star"daGy 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:, da: 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"daa 'although' (ÃÀß) | face="Times New Roman Star"taqy 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dag|any 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"da: 1, da:n 'wholly, always', ta:n 'very, excessively' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"daa, dag|y, tag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y-da 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta: 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"daa (K) 1, 2, dag|y (H, T) 1, 2, dag|yn (H,K) 2, daxy (K) 1, daxa (K) 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y 'although', tag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"ta:g|y, taxi 1, 2 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"dag|y 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 457, EDT 466, ÝÑÒß 3, 122-123. Phonology is somewhat uncertain because the stem is functioning as a clitic. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*To:r- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to become lean, hungry 2 lean, hungry | face="Times New Roman Star"1 îòîùàòü, ïðîãîëîäàòüñÿ 2 òîùèé, ãîëîäíûé | face="Times New Roman Star"turuq 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu:r- (o:?) 1 (MK), turuq 1 (MK) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"turg|un 'fatigue/' (Pav. C.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toryg| 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tor 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"toryn- (Âåðá. - Tel.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tuor- 1, tuor 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dor- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"toruq- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"toryq- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"torma 2 (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 489, EDT 530, 539, Clark 1977, 157. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ti-(ku") | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"that | face="Times New Roman Star"òîò |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tege | face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) tigi (Bulgat), tik (Ettuhf.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) s?u"-tki,s?u"tu"ki, bitiki 'âîò ýòîò' (Akhaltek.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tege; i>-di 'so, thus' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"i-ti 'this' | face="Times New Roman Star"i-ti 'this' | face="Times New Roman Star"do": | face="Times New Roman Star"te: | face="Times New Roman Star"tigi | face="Times New Roman Star"tigi (dial.) |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tege |
| face="Times New Roman Star"te bu 'this here', te o 'that there' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"du"g|u", tu": |
| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 479, Ra"sa"nen 1957, 36, Êîòâè÷ 1962, 142, Stachowski 129. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*em-ig, *em-c?ek | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 breast (fem.) 2 to suck 3 nipple | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãðóäü (æåí.) 2 ñîñàòü 3 ñîñîê | face="Times New Roman Star"emig 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"e.m- 2 (MK), e.mig 1 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emz?|ik 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"im- 2, imc?e|k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"e.m- 2 (Pav. C.), emc?ek 1 (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"emc?ak 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"m- 2, a"mc?a"k 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"emyg| 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"a"mz?|a"k 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emz?|ek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, imz?|ek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"a"m- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"@w|m- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emi:j 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"emij 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emig 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"em- 2, emij 'udder' | face="Times New Roman Star"emc?ek 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ems?ek 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"imsa"k 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ems?ek 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 41-2, EDT 158-9, ÝÑÒß 1, 271-272, Åãîðîâ 63, Ëåêñèêà 273-274, Stachowski 45. PT *em-ig and *em-c?ek (the latter form is first attested in the 13th c.) are derived from *em- 'to suck'. |
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